Resume Writing and Cover Letters
Resume Guidelines
Employers generally spend about 30 seconds looking at a resume. Keep in mind these important points as you write yours:
- Be brief, clear, neat and honest
- Your resume should be well organized and easy to follow
- Be focused; employers do not want to make career decisions for you
- Your resume is a formal, professional document and a work sample
Common Guidelines
- Resume length: 1-2 pages. It is VERY rare and uncommon for students to have a two page resume.
- Font type and size: Arial, Times New Roman, Gill Sans, Garamond (common, easy to read types), 11-12 pt size.
- Name and section headings should be most prominent thing on page and be easy to read.
- Margins: ¾ in to 1 inch on all sides; keep sides symmetrical.
- Use bold and underline to highlight content of particular relevance and importance. Use italics
- Use a consistent verb tense (past tense for past experiences and present tense for current experiences).
- Use action-oriented words to describe your experiences (see sample list on the last page of this handout).
- Organize your content in a way that reflects your professional pursuits.
- Omit personal information such as height, weight, age, race, gender, hobbies, interests, and marital status.
- Minimize abbreviations to only those that are well known, i.e., states.
- Proofread your resume and have others review it for grammar and clarity.
- Name the document appropriately when saving to your computer (ex. Jane Doe Resume 2015.doc).
- Save your resume as a .pdf document for easy electronic transmission.
Print on white or off-white, high quality paper using a laser printer.
Typical Resume Formats
Chronological
This type of resume places emphasis on your most recent jobs and accomplishments. This is arranged beginning with your most recent experience and ending with the least recent experience.
Use this format if: 1) Your most recent education or work experience is related to your career goal; 2) your work history shows a logical progression toward your current career objective; or 3) you have a stable work history with few or no gaps.
Functional
This style highlights your skills and achievements as opposed to job titles and dates. Typical functional categories include skill areas such as Administrative, Service, Supervisory, Communications, Financial, Training, Interpersonal, Creative, Public Relations, Sales, Language and Computer.
Use this format if: 1) your work history is inconsistent; or 2) you are changing careers. Most students and young professionals do NOT use this format.
Combination
With this format, you adapt your resume to each industry or organization which you are targeting for employment. This format highlights your capabilities in relation to that specific industry, organization or job.
Use this format if: 1) you want the reader to focus on only your education and work experience that helped prepare you for their specific job; 2) you want to emphasize some past experience that is relevant to your career objective, or 3) you'd rather de-emphasize your most recent experience, which is not so relevant.
Skill Statements
To ensure that you meet the qualifications and market yourself effectively try completing a gap analysis. This exercise will help you refine and define skills needed to work in your desired field.
Provide a concise description of the job/activity/volunteer experience that clearly highlights relevant skills. This can be in brief paragraph format or with concise bulleted statements.
Common Guidelines
- Do NOT use personal pronouns.
- Use power verbs, action verbs and qualifying adjectives. If it's a present job, use present-tense verbs; if it's a past job, use past-tense verbs.
- Quantify when possible - use numbers (%, $, etc.).
- Describe your experience as it relates to the position or field of interest.
- Apply writing formula: Action Verb + Skill/Task = Result
Action Words
Management Skill Verbs:
Allocated, Determined, Directed, Elected, Enlisted, Formed, Founded, Governed, Hired,
Influenced, Initiated, Inspired, Instituted, Led, Managed, Moderated, Motivated, Operated,
Oversaw, Pioneered, Presided, Produced, Recruited, Represented, Selected, Spearheaded,
Sponsored, Staged, Started, Supervised, Trained
Organizational Skill Verbs:
Arranged, Assembled, Collected, Centralized, Coordinated, Catalogued, Distributed,
Disseminated, Enforced, Executed, Expedited, Formalized, Generated, Implemented, Installed,
Maintained, Monitored, Organized, Performed, Planned, Prepared, Processed, Routed,
Recorded, Reorganized, Scheduled, Streamlined, Updated
Communication Skill Verbs:
Acquainted, Apprised, Answered, Briefed, Conducted, Contacted, Delegated, Demonstrated,
Drafted, Educated, Explained, Familiarized, Handled, Informed, Instructed, Introduced,
Lectured, Listened, Presented, Reported, Responded, Revised, Rewrote, Spoke, Summarized,
Taught, Trained, Translated, Wrote
Analytical Skill Verbs:
Analyzed, Assessed, Audited, Compiled, Consulted, Detected, Discovered, Documented,
Edited, Evaluated, Examined, Gathered, Identified, Interpreted, Interviewed, Investigated,
Researched, Searched, Surveyed, Tested
Helping Skill Verbs:
Advised, Aided, Attended, Assisted, Coached, Collaborated, Contributed, Counseled,
Comforted, Facilitated, Fostered, Guided, Helped, Instilled, Mentored, Provided, Settled,
Supported, Tutored, Treated
Selling/Marketing Skill Verbs:
Arbitrated, Convinced, Dissuaded, Encouraged, Marketed, Mediated, Negotiated, Persuaded,
Promoted, Publicized, Recruited, Resolved, Sold, Secured, Solicited
Financial Skills:
Accounted for, Adjusted, Allocated, Audited, Authorized, Balanced, Budgeted, Calculated,
Collected, Compiled, Controlled, Decreased, Diversified, Financed, Forecasted, Grossed,
Increased, Reconciled, Recorded, Reduced, Tabulated, Totaled, Tracked
Creative Skill Verbs:
Authored, Conceived, Conceptualized, Created, Composed, Designed, Developed, Devised,
Established, Invented, Originated, Revolutionized
Additional Power Verbs:
Adapted, Attained, Augmented, Awarded, Boosted, Broadened, Built, Calculated, Catered,
Decreased, Developed, Ensured, Eliminated, Exceeded, Excelled, Expanded, Expedited,
Gained, Generated, Improved, Increased, Launched, Mastered, Modernized, Published,
Raised, Reconciled, Reduced, Revamped, Reviewed, Revitalized, Saved, Strengthened,
Supplemented, Supported, Tended, Utilized
Resume Critique Opportunities
Resume Rush Events:
Resume Rush occurs 1-2 weeks prior to each semester’s career fair and provides students with walk-up resume reviews in 15 minute increments. Students are asked to bring draft resumes in paper or electronic formats. Career Education & Development team members, campus partners and employer partners serve as reviews for this event.
Workshops/Events:
Career Education & Development offers in-person, virtual and hybrid workshops throughout each semester. We strive to offer during a variety of days of the week and hours throughout the day such as:
- Career Ambassador Reviews
- CED Advisor 1:1 appointment through OspreyNavigate
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I have more than 1 version of my resume?
It is common to have a few different resumes, all ready for use. One may be geared toward a job in marketing, while another may be better for a legal assistant position. Know that your resume should be tailored for the type of position you seek to pursue. Subtle differences can create a distinctive resume and one that highlights the skills and experiences you have which are most relevant to the available job or internship.
Should I have more than a 1-page resume?
While a one-page resume is generally preferred for most college students, a two-page resume can be acceptable if they have substantial relevant experience, like multiple internships, leadership roles, or extensive volunteer work that can't be effectively summarized on one page; however, always consider the specific job requirements and aim to keep it concise and focused.